NYSTCE CST in Disabilities Practice Test

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• Teaching in and seeking mastery of student's native language and English.
• What is a key consideration when planning assessments for multilingual students to ensure fairness?
• Which tool uses photographs or drawings to show what comes next in a sequence of steps, building on visual strengths to help manage transitions?
• What is the primary legal purpose of IDEA for students with disabilities?
• UDL as a framework emphasizes designing instruction that is:
• Which service provides psychological guidance, including career development and parent counseling, and supports behavior intervention planning?
• When assessing an English Learner with suspected disability, which approach is essential?
• Which term describes communication difficulties due to language structure or use?
• Which approach uses a multi-tiered system of increasingly intensive interventions to identify non-responders or students with learning disabilities?
• Which arrangement occurs when general and special education teachers team teach to support students with disabilities?
• What is the purpose of using rapid feedback and manipulatives in math instruction?
• Which law expanded the ideas of EHA and emphasizes nondiscriminatory assessment, parental involvement, and an IEP?
• Which term focuses on determining the resources, services and supports needed to access the general education curriculum?
• When is a Functional Behavior Assessment (FBA) indicated, and what does it inform?
• Which condition is included under Other Health Impairments in its classification?
• Which term describes a developmental disorder that can present with a characteristic pattern including normal early development followed by loss of purposeful hand use and speech?
• Which term refers to the result of conditions or impairments affecting a person?
• Which term refers to the means of measuring the progress of students who do not participate in the general education curriculum?
• Give an example of modifying curriculum and an example of keeping the same curriculum but changing how it is assessed.
• Which genetic syndrome almost exclusively affects girls and can cause coordination problems and loss of speech?
• Which term describes students who come from backgrounds different from American mainstream society?
• Which term describes understanding, identifying, and manipulating sound units of spoken language?
• Which term ensures that students with disabilities receive necessary education and services with no cost to the family?
• Which professional diagnoses hearing losses or auditory problems?
• UDL's goal is to reduce barriers to learning by providing:
• Which term corresponds to the annual review of a student's IEP to monitor progress and continued service provision?
• What do postsecondary goals describe, and what are transition services?
• Visual aids used to assist students organize, understand, and remember academic content.
• What is the purpose of the assistive technology (AT) evaluation in a student's IEP?
• Which term involves determining whether the student qualifies for an individualized education, based on results from standardized tests and other assessments?
• RTI is used to identify non-responders or students with which condition?
• Name two common related services often included in IEPs?
• Which term refers to disabilities with abnormalities visually present due to disabilities, with complexities varying genetically and causing severe educational needs?
• Which concept is most closely linked to making a curriculum accessible to all learners?
• Which statement best describes Vocational Rehabilitation goals?
• Which intellectual disability arises from genetic and chromosomal factors with an extra copy of chromosome 21?
• What is a data-based decision-making approach in MTSS?
• Which term is used to describe any level of vision loss that adversely affects educational performance, even when corrected?
• Which professional helps students improve their speech and language skills?
• Which communication method uses pictures to support communication for individuals with autism who are nonverbal?
• Which statement best describes language delays?
• Which law defines appropriate education and requires accommodations in federally funded programs, prohibiting discrimination?
• Which term describes the plan for a student’s needs and the services to address them?
• Which diagnosis is used when characteristics and symptoms do not meet all criteria for any other ASD category?
• Educators celebrate students' cultures.
• Which service is primarily responsible for assisting with communication disorders and is provided by a licensed professional?
• Explain Universal Design for Learning (UDL) and its relevance to students with disabilities.
• What are annual goals and how do they differ from benchmarks/objectives?
• What does 'priority for inclusion' mean in terms of scheduling and resources?
• Individually determined groups of professionals with different expertise.
• What does UDL stand for?
• Which program is designed for students with disabilities who may not safely engage in regular physical education activities?
• How can a teacher promote skill generalization across settings for students with disabilities?
• IDEA requires which type of assessment for determining eligibility and support needs?
• Which element should be aligned to postsecondary outcomes in transition planning?
• What is an 'Other Health Impairment' (OHI) and how might it affect education?
• Which term describes slowed development of language skills that may or may not result in language impairments?
• Which term describes a transition specialist who helps students move from school to work?
• Which term describes students who require language supports due to a non-English home language?
• What are transition services?
• Which term describes the step of learning more about a student's problem and initiating a referral for formal testing?
• What considerations apply to students with Visual Impairments in the classroom?
• What is present levels of performance (PLOP) in an IEP?
• Which term refers to the process of testing and progress monitoring to determine if a student has a disability requiring special education?
• Distinguish between accommodations and modifications with examples.
• A dual disability involving both vision and hearing problems.
• Which term describes considerable residual hearing or loss of hearing, where some sounds may be perceived differently or not at all?
• Supports to compensate for disabilities such as adjustments to assignments or tests.
• Multidisciplinary teams that guide individualized special education services for each student with a disability.
• Which term describes special education categories with very low prevalence?
• What term describes switching between two languages within a single conversation?
• Adjusting instruction to meet the needs and learning styles of individuals or groups of learners; can be divided using three tiers referring to abilities.
• Which term concerns ensuring a student can access the general education curriculum by providing necessary supports and services?
• UDL principles guide teachers to design curricula that are:
• Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is brain damage caused by trauma after normal development and results from an external force. Which option best defines TBI?
• What is the purpose of a transition portfolio, and what should it contain?
• Which data types are commonly used in Positive Behavior Support to monitor behavior?
• Give an example of a functional skill included in a functional curriculum.
• How is baseline data used when setting IEP goals?
• Which therapy aims to improve motor functioning, movement, and fitness and is provided by a physical therapist?
• Which term describes the practice of placing students with similar achievement levels into the same courses?
• How should testing accommodations be designed to preserve validity?
• Low-tech assistive technology devices that display pictures or words that the individual can point to in order to communicate.
• Which term involves determining whether the student qualifies for an individualized education program, with results from many standardized tests analyzed by experts for areas of concern?
• Having limited strength, vitality, or alertness due to chronic or acute health problems such as asthma, ADD/ADHD, diabetes, or epilepsy.
• What are typical indicators of a Specific Learning Disability (SLD) in a school setting?
• UDL is best described as a framework to improve teaching by providing flexible methods of:
• Helps to refer and identify children and youth disabilities.
• Which approach focuses on representing and respecting multiple cultures in curriculum and school life?
• Which scenario best illustrates Least Restrictive Environment (LRE)?
• What term refers to written documents to ensure that special services are delivered to infants, toddlers, and their families?
• Which option is NOT a component of a structured literacy program?
• How can speech-language impairments influence IEP goals and instruction?
• Which element of IDEA involves active participation by families in the educational process?
• Adding topics or skills to the traditional curriculum or presenting a topic in more depth.
• What is progress monitoring and why is it essential in IEP planning?
• Who typically oversees the implementation and evaluation of IFSPs in early intervention?
• In MTSS, decisions to escalate, maintain, or fade are based on what?
• Present when the sender's speech impairs the communication.
• Which professional is described as helping general educators teach students with disabilities?
• Which therapeutic service focuses on improving the ability to perform tasks and function independently, as provided by an occupational therapist?
• Which term is used for a diagnosis that is a catch-all category for ASD-like symptoms when full criteria are not met for any specific ASD category?
• Which term describes students whose home language is not English, requiring language supports in classroom settings?
• A transition specialist who teaches vocational skills in the community and in actual job settings.
• Which classroom environment is described as one that encourages, fosters, and supports language development?
• Professionals from different expertise working in partnerships to provide educational services.
• What is an effective way for a teacher to document IEP progress for parents?
• Performance of everyday life skills expected of adults.
• Identify two types of assessments used in special education and how they differ.
• A hallmark of Specific Learning Disabilities is what?
• Which term describes devices that enhance a student's functional capabilities, from communication boards to high-tech systems?
• Which tool is used to help students organize thoughts before writing, using boxes or arrows?
• What does it mean to promote generalization of skills, and how is it achieved?
• Which law expanded EHA and requires nondiscriminatory and multidisciplinary assessment, parental involvement, and an Individualized Education Program to support students with disabilities?
• All special education and related services are brought to the student in the general education classroom. Which term best describes this service delivery model?
• Which term is used to determine whether a student has a disability requiring special education services through testing and progress monitoring?
• Why is collaboration between general and special education teachers essential in inclusion models?
• Describe the purpose and key components of a Behavior Intervention Plan (BIP).
• Which statement accurately describes a common difference between IEPs and 504 plans?
• Which service model extends and complements the instruction provided by general educators?
• Which term describes educational placement with the most inclusion and integration with typical learners as possible and appropriate?
• Which setting is defined as solely a special education classroom?
• Which of the following is a viable reason to implement UDL in schools?
• To support social-emotional learning within academic content for students with disabilities, a teacher should:
• Which service delivery model brings specialized instruction into the general education classroom, allowing students to stay with peers?
• Which refers to the quality of one's voice, such as pitch problems?
• Which entity typically delivers Vocational Rehabilitation services?
• Impaired processing of linguistic information that adversely affects a student's educational performance. Which term best matches this description?
• Which assessment approach is designed for students who do not participate in the general education curriculum?
• Which condition is described as inability to learn that cannot be explained by intellectual, sensory or health factors and includes inability to build relationships?
• What document, designed to provide continuity of services across a student's education, outlines the student's special education program and services and facilitates communication among parents, teachers, and schools?
• Which instructional approach groups students to work together on the same material, combining academic and social learning?
• How does a 504 plan differ from an IEP in terms of eligibility and services?
• Which describes significantly sub-average general intellectual functioning that adversely affects education?
• Which service supports career development and behavior intervention strategies, as well as parent and mental health support?
• Which developmental condition is characterized by differences in thinking, language, behavior, and social skills, with signs evident before age 3 and possible diagnosis as early as 18 months?
• In multilingual districts, what is a best practice when assessing students with disabilities?
• What is a core principle of inclusive education regarding instruction?
• Which term describes students who are learning English as an additional language?
• Which of the following is a characteristic of high-incidence disabilities?
• Which process is a non-court proceeding held before an impartial hearing officer when parents and school personnel disagree on a special education issue?
• A plan to address behavioral infractions committed by students with disabilities is called?
• Which principle requires that students with disabilities be educated with non-disabled peers to the maximum extent appropriate?
• What are the core components of a Positive Behavior Support framework?
• How can a teacher collect data on behavior to inform a BIP?
• Which term describes special education categories with the most students?
• A device used to increase, maintain, or improve the functional capabilities of a student with a disability is called?
• How does cultural and linguistic diversity influence eligibility determinations and instruction?
• Which concept asserts that all students, regardless of race or ethnicity, have the right to an education?
• How do annual goals differ from progress monitoring data?
• Which term involves the annual review of a student's IEP to ensure goals and progress are being met?
• Which term refers to the process of identifying children who may have disabilities to ensure access to special education services?
• Which term is described as assisting students to improve their speech and language skills?
• UDL recommends offering:
• UDL aims to increase access to the curriculum by adopting:
• Which document outlines services for infants and toddlers and their families?
• Explain the modification example.
• Which statement about co-teaching in inclusive classrooms is accurate?
• When sharing progress data with families, which approach is appropriate?
• Which term describes difficulties with articulation of speech sounds?
• Which term refers to not having a functional use of sight?
• In the context of disability services, which service is commonly associated with helping individuals obtain employment?
• Which term describes high-functioning autism with features such as excellent memory but challenges in nonverbal communication and repetitive speech?
• Defines appropriate education and requires accommodations for students in programs receiving federal funds.
• What is FERPA and how does it affect handling of student information in special education?
• Which term refers to conditions related to a physical deformity or impairment of the skeletal system and associated motor function?
• Which act originally guaranteed free and appropriate public education in the least restrictive environment for students with disabilities?
• Which of the following instructional strategies is especially helpful for students with autism spectrum disorder?
• Which professional specializes in diagnosing hearing losses or auditory problems?
• Which disability involves errors in speech sound production such as substitutions or omissions?
• Which evidence-based reading approach is suitable for students with dyslexia?
• Describe at least two strategies for integrating assistive technology into instruction.
• Which term describes a setting where students receive instruction separate from the general education classroom, often in a dedicated room?
• Which communication method uses pictures to support communication for individuals with autism who are nonverbal?
• What is the role of related service providers on the IEP team?
• Which condition includes hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattention that typically appears before age 7?
• Students learning English as their second language; also known as English Learners (ELs) or LEP.
• Which term describes any kind of vision loss that, even with correction, adversely affects educational performance?
• Which term describes adjusting literacy tasks by providing different levels of text or questions to match abilities?
• Which term describes the actual delivery of services specified in the student's plan?
• Which term describes a group of developmental brain disorders that refers to a wide range of symptoms, skills and levels of impairment or disability?
• Which pair of math instructional practices is considered evidence-based for students with disabilities?
• Which disorder is characterized by hesitation, repetition, or prolongation of sounds or words?
• Which instructional approach involves providing supports and gradually removing them as the learner becomes independent?
• Accommodations typically provided for students with Hearing Impairments in assessments include:
• Which concept describes professionals with different expertise working together to plan and deliver instructional services?
• Which term describes groups of professionals drawn from various disciplines to plan services?
• Assistive technology that helps individuals communicate, including devices that produce speech.
• What is the purpose of a functional curriculum in terms of independence?
• Describe the typical arrangement of co-teaching in inclusive classrooms.
• What is a 'functional curriculum' and when is it appropriate to implement it?
• Name two executive function supports that help students with disabilities succeed in school.
• Which instructional arrangement involves both general and special education teachers planning and delivering instruction together in the same classroom?
• Which term describes students who excel and move quickly through material and may have outstanding abilities in visual or performing arts?
• Placing students with comparable achievement and skill levels in the same classes.
• Which service provides prevention and treatment of communicative disorders and is provided by a speech-language pathologist?
• Which choice best reflects an accommodation?
• Who typically serves on an IEP team in New York State?
• What is the purpose of universal supports in inclusive classrooms?
• What is an effective way to ensure progress reports are accessible to families with limited literacy or language barriers?
• When should transition planning begin for students with disabilities?
• The most common inherited reason for intellectual disabilities with an extension on the X chromosome.
• Which term refers to the delivering of the services described in a student's plan?
• Which term describes a government service that provides training, career counseling, and job placement?
• Which term refers to a district-level administrative role that coordinates services for infants and toddlers and their families?
• Which term involves determining the resources, services and supports needed for the student to access the general education curriculum?
• Which term describes the chromosomal alteration causing Down Syndrome?
• Which term describes a disability category with multiple severe impairments resulting in severe educational needs?
• What are common characteristics of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) that influence instruction?
• Which term refers to a low-tech device used to help students communicate by pointing to pictures?
• What describes the difference between accommodations for instruction and accommodations for assessment?
• How might ADHD affect classroom performance, and what accommodations support it?
• Which process uses interviews, observations, and environmental manipulations to determine why behaviors occur?
• Which statement best describes the rights of parents under IDEA regarding IEP meetings and documentation?
• What role does RTI/MTSS play in identifying a learning disability?
• Which action best supports parental involvement in IEP decisions?
• Which program is tailored to the developmental level and safety needs of students with disabilities in physical education?
• Which statement about Vocational Rehabilitation programs is true?
• Which is an example of a universal design for learning practice?
• Which statement best describes the scope of a structured literacy program?
• What term describes individuals who are both exceptionally gifted and have a learning disability, often creative outside of school?
• Which delivery model describes services that are delivered in resource rooms, self-contained classes, and special therapy settings?
• Which approach best supports meaningful collaboration with families from diverse backgrounds?
• Which statement best describes the three core principles of Universal Design for Learning (UDL)?